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Certificate of musters, 1522
A.C. Chibnall (ed.), The certificate of musters for Buckinghamshire in 1522 (Bucks Record Society vol.17, 1973)
Cardinal Wolsey wanted to make a reliable survey of property for the purpose of future taxation or compulsory loans, but in order to avoid the usual evasion it was represented as an assessment for furnishing of harness, which was the contribution expected from each locality towards maintaining an army. The muster commissioners used petty constables to make local assessments. Movable goods were assessed at a person's dwelling, so their absence indicates someone who lived elsewhere. People were included in the survey if they held land, had goods valued at £1, or possessed a bill or bow (presumably with the ability to use them in battle).
The full text of the volume can be downloaded from the Bucks Record Society website.
Value of lands and holdings |
Value of goods |
Weapons |
|||||
£ |
s |
d |
£ |
s |
d |
||
| Wynslowe cum Shipton | |||||||
| The Abbott off St Albons cheiffe Lorde | 25 |
18 |
11½ |
||||
| The sayde Abbott parson and patron | 13 |
14 |
0 |
||||
| Richard Stratton the vicar ther | 8 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
|
| The Churche wardens | 4 |
0 |
0 |
||||
| John Wattes gent. | 9 |
6 |
8 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Davye Austen | nothing |
2 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Richard Willowes (will 1533) | 10 |
0 |
40 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Sir Thomas Lovell stuarde his fee | 2 |
0 |
0 |
||||
| John Adam | nothing |
3 |
6 |
8 |
|||
| John Boston (will 1558) also land at N Marston |
1 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Thomas Tomlyn (will 1538) | 6 |
8 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Thomas Sponer | 3 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Randall Paternoster | nothing |
nothing |
bill |
||||
| William Hawkyns | nothing |
1 |
0 |
0 |
bow |
||
| Robert Honour (will 1525) | 3 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Thomas Leche | 6 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Thomas Glenestre (will 1532) | nothing
|
20 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Thomas Illinge | 4 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Thomas Cowper (see below) | 3 |
4 |
1 |
6 |
8 |
||
| Walter Cowper | nothing
|
nothing
|
bow |
||||
| Edward Gadburye (?will 1546) | nothing
|
5 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Robert Taylour | nothing
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Thomas Miller (?will 1531) | 3 |
4 |
30 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Richard Knighte (will 1547) | nothing
|
1 |
6 |
8 |
|||
| William Eliott (will 1528) | 3 |
4 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
bow |
|
| William Shelton (will 1552) | 1 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
||
| William Tomlins | 2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
||
| John George | 2 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Bernarde Pitkin | 3 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Richard Edmond (will 1556) | nothing
|
2 |
13 |
4 |
bow |
||
| Robert Tomlyn junior | nothing
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
bill |
||
| Nicholas Benett | nothing
|
nothing
|
bow |
||||
| William Mason (will 1543) | 3 |
4 |
3 |
6 |
8 |
bill |
|
| John Harison | nothing
|
2 |
0 |
0 |
bow |
||
| John Gilberte | 3 |
4 |
1 |
16 |
8 |
||
| Robert Pomtes | 3 |
4 |
nothing
|
||||
| Henry Beele | nothing
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| John Hawkyns | 5 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
||
| John Palmer (will 1558) | 3 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Richard Willett (will 1559) | nothing
|
30 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Thomas Tyler | nothing
|
nothing
|
bill |
||||
| John Alderle | nothing
|
2 |
0 |
0 |
bill |
||
| Robert Eversden | 3 |
4 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Robert Seybroke | 1 |
8 |
2 |
13 |
4 |
||
| Robert Writt | nothing
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
bow |
||
| Richard Bonyon (will 1543) | 2 |
0 |
3 |
6 |
8 |
||
| Thomas Lane | nothing |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Henry Breine | 6 |
8 |
[assessed at Gt Horwood] |
||||
| Simon Hoggeston | 13 |
4 |
[?assessed at Edlesborough] |
||||
| John Michell | 3 |
0 |
[of Addington according to court rolls, but not assessed there] |
||||
| Thomas Carter | 13 |
4 |
[?assessed at Adstock, land at N Marston] |
||||
| John Oliffe | 3 |
4 |
|||||
| John Hardinge | 2 |
0 |
[assessed at Whitchurch] |
||||
| John Blackhede | 1 |
0 |
|||||
| William Adam | 10 |
0 |
[?assessed at Thornborough] |
||||
| John Gadburye | 10 |
0 |
|||||
| Richard Botrell | 2 |
0 |
|||||
| Gilbert Cadyne | 3 |
0 |
|||||
| Shipton | |||||||
| William Tomlyn (will 1543) | 10 |
0 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Richard Snowe | 3 |
4 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Thomas Jay (will 1554) | nothing |
nothing |
bill |
||||
| Richard Jay | 2 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
||
| William Robynson (will 1547) | 2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
bill |
|
| William Greene | nothing |
5 |
0 |
0 |
bill |
||
| Robert Dymmoke | nothing |
3 |
0 |
0 |
|||
| Walter Graunte (will 1548) | 8 |
0 |
6 |
13 |
4 |
||
| William Eliott (will 1538) | 1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
bow |
|
| Thomas Glenester (will 1532) | 1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
| John Glenester (will 1536) | nothing |
16 |
0 |
0 |
bill |
||
| Thomas Cowper (will 1547) | 2 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
||
| Thomas Eliott (will 1554) | 2 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
||
| William Fraunces (will 1557) | 13 |
0 |
|||||
| Agnes Warde | 5 |
0 |
[assessed at Adstock] |
||||
| Robert Williett | 3 |
4 |
|||||
| Thomas Palmer (will 1559) | nothing |
6 |
13 |
4 |
|||
| John Palmer (see above) | nothing |
6 |
13 |
4 |
|||
| Roger Palmer | nothing |
6 |
13 |
4 |
|||
| Rauffe Palmer | nothing |
6 |
13 |
4 |
|||
| Isabell Palmer | nothing |
13 |
6 |
8 |
|||
Lay Subsidies, 1524 & 1525
A.C. Chibnall & A. Vere Woodman (eds), Subsidy Roll for the County of Buckingham, 1524 (Bucks Record Society vol.8, 1950)
This was the conventional form of taxation at the time, when property was assessed and taxed accordingly. The rates (you paid only on land or goods, not both) were:
income from land: 1s in the £
goods worth over £20: 1s in the £
goods worth £2 - £20: 6d in the £
goods worth less than £2: 4d in the £
wages over £1: 4d flat rate
The whole volume can be downloaded from the Bucks Record Society website.
The two assessments were very similar, but some people who had only wages were assessed in 1524 only. Those marked * are not found in the Certificate of Musters of 1522.
Wynslowe cum Shypton |
1524 |
1525 |
| Master Henry Wattes * | £14 |
£14 |
| Charles, his servant | £1 wages |
|
| John Thomlyn * | £3 |
£3 |
| Richard Willows | £30 |
£26 |
| John Boston | £16 |
£16 |
| Thomas Thomlyn | --- |
£2 |
| Thomas Spooner | £2 |
£2 |
| Randall Paternoster his servant | £1 |
£1 |
| Robert Honer | £10 |
£10 |
| Thomas Leyche | £3 |
£3 |
| William Glenester | £4 |
£4 |
| Richard Willett | £18 |
£18 |
| Edmund Gadbere | £4 |
£4 |
| Thomas Miller | £18 |
£18 |
| Richard Knyght, servant | £1 |
£1 |
| William Shellton | £2 |
£2 |
| William Elyett | £2 |
£2 |
| Richard Edmunttes | £5 |
£5 |
| Symond his servant | £1 |
£1 |
| William Fuller * | £2 |
£2 |
| John Palmer | £6 |
£6 |
| Richard Bonyon | £3 |
£3 |
| Edward Mayne * | £1 |
£1 |
| John Tomlyns | £14 |
--- |
| William Tomlyn | --- |
£14 |
| Richard Snowe | £10 |
£10 |
| Thomas Jaye | £3 |
£3 |
| Thomas Yllyng | £2 |
£2 |
| Walter Grauntte | £7 |
£7 |
| Thomas, his servant | £2 wages |
--- |
| Robert Domynike * | £2 |
£2 |
| Thomas Glenester | £I0 |
£I0 |
| John Glenester his son | £2 |
£2 |
| Thomas Elyet | £3 |
£3 |
| Thomas Cowper | £3 |
£3 |
| John Adam | £3 |
--- |
| Thomas Colyns * | £2 |
--- |
| John Scharpe | £1 wages |
--- |
| Barnard Pytkyn | £10 |
--- |
| Bennet Showmaker * | £1 wages |
--- |
| John Wendelborough * | £1 wages |
--- |
Certificate of Musters, 1535
Rolland T. Baldwin, Certificate of Musters for Bucks 1535 (typescript in Centre for Bucks Studies)
This really was a list of men eligible to serve in war or provide horses and harness, but Winslow somehow had fewer men listed than Little Horwood or Swanbourne. Was this an error in the recording process, or did the Abbot of St Albans or someone else use their influence?
Wynslow cum Shipton
John Boston: horse and harnes
Archers
Robert Foster
Thomas Bailly
Bylmen
Robert Brewster
John Leycher
Thomas Cowper junior
Richard Pakett
William Shurley
John Glenester
Thomas Elyatt
In this towne is ij payer of harnes